Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 62(5), 737753. The results indicated that many public primary schools in Kisii Central District have insufficient physical facilities and learning resources. De Witte, K., Cabus, S., Thyssen, G., Groot, W., & van Den Brink, H. M. (2013). The Journal of Education and Learning Studies, 5, 4764. Data was presented using tables and graphs. Equifinality and multifinality in developmental psychopathology. Stratified sampling was equally used since the nature of the sample population is heterogeneous. Why tenth graders fail to finish high school: A dropout typology latent class analysis. Bethesda. ), Cambridge studies in social and emotional development. Hunter and May (2002) found that school fees were significant reason for the dropout During the study, three hundred and sixty (360) participants made up students, headteachers and teachers were sampled. Studies show that conflicting teacher-student and student-student relationships are closely related to students' decision to drop out of school. A., Ye, F., Wang, M., & Brauer, S. (2019). The Future of Children, 19(1), 77103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2013.05.002, Dierendonck, C., Milmeister, P., Kerger, S., & Poncelet, D. (2020). A portrait of first nations and education. Education as a development tool is upheld by most development theorist as essential in the progression of every society. G. Chirtes. school environmental factors affected primary school dropout rate, (2) the influence of gender on primary school dropout, (3) the effect of cultural related factors on school dropout and (4) the effects of parents' socio-economic status on school dropout in Ndoleli division, Igembe North district. (2009). Finally, the study has provided information that could form the basis for further critical assessment and evaluation of the FPE situation by future researchers to facilitate more concrete and valid solutions to the problem. b) The Ministry should sensitize and train teachers and head teachers on the use and. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01084.x, Gonzales, N. A., Wong, J. J., Toomey, R. B., Millsap, R., Dumka, L. E., & Mauricio, A. M. (2014). Children and Youth Services Review, 20(5), 413433. https://www.oecd.org/education/Helping-immigrant-students-to-succeed-at-school-and-beyond.pdf, Pagani, L. S., Fitzpatrick, C., & Parent, S. (2012). Issues of isolation, disconnectedness, and technological problems may be factors that influence a student to leave a course. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030028, Wang, M.-T., Willett, J. Linking positive emotions and academic performance: The mediated role of academic psychological capital and academic engagement. Trajectories of school engagement during adolescence:Implications for grades, depression, delinquency, and substance use. Amsterdam University Press. ), Cross-cultural roots of minority children development (pp. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40(3), 249262. School dropout leads to failure in social integration, and as a result greatly diminishes a person's chances to achieve personal success in legally accepted fields of activity. Russel Sage Foundation. Towards an understanding of definitions and measures of school engagement and related terms. This being a survey, the researcher used questionnaires and interview schedules as research instruments to collect data. (2009). Oxford Review of Education, 40(2), 223245. use by teachers; 61 Final Report. Finally, it highlights the main challenges as well as the future directions that research should prioritize in the study of student engagement and school dropout. 313345). Journal of Research in Rural Education, 35, 120. The challenge of selecting a knowledge management system is to purchase or build software that fits the context of the overall plan and encourages employees to use the system and share information. Basharpoor, S., Issazadegan, A., Zahed, A., & Ahmadian, L. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-013-9603-5, CrossRef (2014). Alexander, K. L., Entwisle, D. R., & Kabbani, N. S. (2001). Journal of Educational Psychology, 100(2), 429442. increasing dropout rate of children, particularly among girls by interviewing research participants and making a detailed review of available literature. University admission did not appear to be directly influenced by factors affecting completion and drop out. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.429, Wang, M. T., Fredricks, J., Ye, F., Hofkens, T., & Linn, J. S. (2019). The following study sponsored by ICSSR is an, Polaris Global Journal of Scholarly Research and, The trends of students dropping the school has been increasing yearly. Rseau Eurydice. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000224, Buhs, E. S. (2005). The result revealed that Government, parents and teachers are to blame for the non completion of Senior high school by most of the girls in Sekondi Takoradi Keywords: Completion rate, Drop out, Gender disparity, Teacher motivation, Parental motivation, Kennedy Nyeseh Ofori, KENNEDY N Y E S E H OFORI. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.0.0019. Reading, gender, and engagement. Frequency Tables and percentages were used to analyse data. Disentangling the weight of school dropout predictors: A test on two longitudinal samples. Wehlage, G. G., Rutter, R. A., Smith, G. A., Lesko, N., & Fernandez, R. R. (1989). (Eds.). The study revealed that indeed the quantity of resources that the society and parents are endowed with might have an effect on academic environment and also poverty is the largest factor which. (1998). Knowledge management involves data mining and some method of operation to push information to users. Unraveling the immigrant paradox: Academic engagement and disengagement among recently arrived immigrant youth. accurate keeping of school registers; c) There should be more regular inspection of school with emphasis on the school. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 597600. https://doi.org/10.1086/593939, Mahuteau, S., Karmel, T., Mavromaras, K., & Zhu, R. (2015). PubMed Central Classroom peer relationships and behavioral engagement in elementary school: The role of social network equity. The new disciplinology: Research, theory, and remaining puzzles on the school-to-prison pipeline. PISA, OECD. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 36(3), 219231. The aim of the current study is to examine the relation between individual (defiant attitude . It included 35,472 high school sopho-mores and the dropout causes they had reported. This paper presents an analysis of school dropout, focusing on secondary dropout, in Central America, with the goal of providing a systema tic overview of the dropou t phenomenon, including recent trends, potential causes and consequences, and what works to reduce dropout. Turning points and long-term experiences. Correspondence to Child Development, 68(6), 11811197. National Centre for Student Equity in Higher Education, Curtin University, Bentley, viewed 7 February 2017. https://www.ncsehe.edu.au/educationaloutcomes-of-young-indigenous-australians/, Marsh, H. W., & Kleitman, S. (2005). Individual, social, and family factors associated with high school dropout among low- SES youth: Differential effects as a function of immigrant status. In J. Juvonen & K. R. Wentzel (Eds. 201247). (2001). Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(9), 16371667. This income gap has increased over recent years: median earnings of families of high school dropouts were nearly 30% lower in 2004 than they were in 1974 (Achieve, 2006). Yet identifying the causes of dropping out is extremely difficult to do because, like other forms of educational achievement (e.g., test scores), it is influenced by an https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-00511-4, Lawson, M. A., & Lawson, H. A. Learning difficulties, academic well-being and educational dropout: A person-centered approach. school fees was the reason for the dropout of 47% of girls while only 33% of boys dropout in elementary schools; in junior secondary high school, fees were half for the girls but only 8% for the boys. Socioeconomic status and parenting. Jordan, W. J., McPartland, J. M., & Lara, J. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150008, Crosnoe, R., & Turley, R. N. (2011). British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77, 413440. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7_4. Published 2010. A., Pas, E. T., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2020). Attending school regularly and completing the cycle is a pre-condition of quality education. The purpose of this research is to examine the familiar or common forms, the causes and probable ways to curb indiscipline in schools. Professional School Counseling, 21(1), 7084. In S. L. Christenson, A. L. Reschly, & C. Wylie (Eds. | Find, read and cite all the research . School effects and ethnic, gender and socio-economic gaps in educational achievement at age 11. Appleton, J. J., Christenson, S. L., Kim, D., & Reschly, A. L. (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7_2, Skinner, E. A., Kindermann, T. A., & Furrer, C. J. Journal of Criminal Justice, 59, 311. Descriptive statistics parameters included percentage and mean which were used in answering the research questions while one way ANOVA was employed to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164408323233, Skinner, E., Furrer, C., Marchand, G., & Kindermann, T. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.117.201418, Brooks-Gunn, J., & Duncan, G. J. A., Ye, F., Hofkens, T. L., & Linn, J. S. (2016). A myth or a reality? School dropout is a major preoccupation in all countries. Equity in education: Breaking down barriers to social mobility. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7_1. Diffrences entre les genres en matire de russite scolaire: tude sur les mesures prises et la situation actuelle en Europe. The trend of university admission therefore needs to be investigated further during future research. (2017). Literature has suggested that school dropout might be explained by multiple causes at different levels (individual, family, school, and neighborhood). Remedial and Special Education, 28(6), 325339. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520903028990. The longitudinal linkages among Chinese childrens behavioral, cognitive, and emotional engagement within a mathematics context. Journal of Marriage and Family, 76(4), 778795. The design of the study was a cross-sectional research design which involves the retrieving of data from study participants, mostly from multiple groups, thus; dropouts, their parents, head teachers, head of Educational Management Information System (EMIS) department and the District Education Director. Learning and Instruction, 71, 118. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2017.1359238, Lovelace, M. D., Reschly, M. L., & Appleton, J. J. 6595). (2014). A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). Reschly, A. L., & Christenson, S. L. (2012). School motivation and high school dropout: The mediating role of educational expectations. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12792, Dupr, V., Leventhal, T., Dion, E., Crosnoe, R., Archambault, I., & Janosz, M. (2015). This chapter aims to present a synthesis of this process according to the major theories in the field and review empirical research linking student disengagement and school dropout. Meanwhile probability sampling techniques included simple random sampling to arrive at the sampled students of the target population and other participants (teachers, discipline masters and mistresses, principals and vice principals. Also six dropout pupils and six teachers were involved in focus group discussion .The study Need satisfaction, work-school interference and school dropout: An application of self-determination theory. (1993). Perceived prevalence of teasing and bullying predicts high school dropout rates. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Informant discrepancies in internalizing and externalizing symptoms in an at-risk sample: The role of parenting and school engagement. These factors include inter alia, poverty, disability, family configuration, orphan-hood, teenage pregnancy, drug abuse, lack of effective teaching method, poor academic performance, and child labour. Several factors contribute to this outcome, but research suggests that dropouts mostly have gone through a process of disengaging from school. Social contagion and high school dropout: The role of friends, romantic partners, and siblings. Prior to the study, pilot study was conducted to ensure validity and reliability of the research instruments. Withdrawing from school. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 65(2), 158182. U.S. Department of Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1083-5. American Journal of Education, 107(1), 135. UNESCO. A critical review of the literature on school dropout. (eds) Handbook of Research on Student Engagement. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Journal of School Psychology, 69, 100110. 319). Jingle, jangle, and conceptual haziness: Evolution and future directions of the engagement construct. Stressors and turning points in high school and dropout: A stress process, life course framework. In E. A. Hanushek, S. Machin, & L. Woessmann (Eds. School Psychology Review, 46(2), 201218. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 6, 725. Dropping out: Why students drop out of high school and what can be done about it. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 36(2), 220249. Developmental Review, 33, 304e340. Journal of School Psychology, 49(4), 465480. The sample of the study was made up of 170 consisting of ; 50 successful Senior high school graduates (SSHG); 60 Drop out Senior high school girls (DSHG); 50 Continuing Senior high school girls ( CSHG) and 10 teachers. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-7409(98)00015-2, Rumberger, R. W. (2011). The reciprocal links between school engagement, youth problem behaviors, and school dropout during adolescence. In addition, prior researches have established increase in non-enrolment and drop-out in various parts of the country due to these hidden costs. Why do students drop out? Conceptualization and assessment of adolescents engagement and disengagement in school. OECD report of skills for social progress: The power of social emotional skills (Peer Commentary on IECD report). 3, pp. out of school. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021307, Li, Y., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (2010). https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543074001059, French, D. C., & Conrad, J. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012840, Skinner, E. A., & Belmont, M. J. Relating kindergarten attention to subsequent developmental pathways of classroom engagement in elementary school. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2018.06.003, Wang, M. T., Fredricks, J. a need to better understand and analyse the driving forces behind dropouts from a gender perspective. The prevention and, Despite a remarkable development in the education system in Bangladesh, the country still experiences a huge amount of dropout cases every year which is alarming. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2015.1060931, Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Dupr, V., Brault, M.-C., & Andrew, M. M. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2016.1270764, Melkevik, O., Nilsen, W., Evensen, M., Reneflot, A., & Mykletun, A. Comparing academic self-concept and engagement to school between students with learning disabilities and normal. Public sensitization about the value and importance of education should be strengthened. 285313). Insights on Canadian society young men and women without a high school diploma. Do peers contribute to the likelihood of secondary school graduation among disadvantaged boys? Learning and Instruction, 43, 515. Boys and girls latent profiles of behavior and social adjustment in school: Longitudinal links with later student behavioral engagement and academic achievement? (2012). In S. L. Christenson, A. L. Reschly, & C. Wylie (Eds. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7795.2011.00753.x. New conceptual frameworks for student engagement research, policy, and practice. In J. district. interventions related to dropping out. ASSESSMENT OF MEAL SCHOOL SCHOOL PROGRAMME, ASSESSMENT OF O-MEAL SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMME ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN IFE CENTRAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT, Iddrisu Bariham (M.Ed., B.Ed., and Tr's Cert A), The Major Factors That Influence Basic School Dropout in Rural Ghana: The Case of Asunafo South District in the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana, The Hidden Costs of Free Primary Education and Their Implication on Enrolment in Kisii Central District, Kenya, Perceptions of Basic School Teachers and Parents of the Causes and Effects of Child Labour on School Attendance at Selected Surburbs of Sekondi Takoradi, Did Tanzania Achieve the Second Millennium Development Goal? https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543059002117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.06.007, Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Morizot, J., & Pagani, L. (2009b). Predicting postsecondary enrollment with secondary student engagement data. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 38(7), 882899. B., & Eccles, J. S. (2011). https://doi.org/10.1177/07419325060270050301. (2007). Classroom peer acceptance, friendship, and victimization: Distinct relational systems that contribute uniquely to childrens school adjustment? This study explores students' indiscipline in secondary schools in Cameroon. Journal of Education Psychology, 113(3), 572584. https://doi.org/10.17105/SPR-2017-0043.V46-2, Hospel, V., & Galand, B. However, in recent times school dropout has become a serious canker in Ghanaian societies, especially in the rural areas. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12159, Archambault, I., Janosz, M., Fallu, J.-S., & Pagani, L. S. (2009a). ), Childrens needs III: Understanding and addressing the developmental needs of children. (2014). Friends, academic achievement, and school engagement during adolescence: A social network approach to peer influence and selection effects. Education. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543057002101, Samuel, R., & Burger, K. (2020). Engagement and disaffection in the classroom: Part of a larger motivational dynamic? Annual Review of Sociology, 37, 439460. (2020). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. A multilevel analysis. Cambridge University Press. The California School Psychologist, 8, 7e28. Reschly, A. L., & Christenson, S. L. (2006b). The study again recommends that, the government should treat the school dropout issue seriously and make national education plans to assist the poor continue with their studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X09333647, Strand, S. (2014). High school dropouts: A review of issues and evidence. 3143). Fortin, L., Royer, ., Potvin, P., Marcotte, D., & Yergeau, . the researches on dropout have been centered on causes, effects and remedies. to reduce dropout rate should not be focused on only female pupils but also on male pupils as well. Google Scholar, Landis, R. N., & Reschly, A. L. (2013). Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.), 61(4), 399404. Journal of School Psychology, 38(6), 525549. A., Wang, M., Schall, J., Hokfkens, T., Snug, H., Parr, A., & Allerton, J. Elsevier. Adolescent behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement trajectories in school and their differential relations to educational success. https://doi.org/10.1037/a001590, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, Isabelle Archambault,Michel Janosz,Elizabeth Olivier&Vronique Dupr, You can also search for this author in https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2018.1517296, McDermott, E. R., Anderson, S., & Zaff, J. Stratified sampling was equally used since the nature of the sample population is heterogeneous. Reducing the risk: Schools as communities of support. Isabelle Archambault . https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12002. Helping immigrant students to succeed at school and beyond. The immigrant paradox in children and adolescents: Is becoming American a developmental risk? Cluster random sampling technique was used to select 10% of the Head teachers and 10% of the parents from the sampled schools. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00428.x. Psychology in the Schools, 58(3), 443457. Retrived from https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2017/2017094.pdf, Van Uden, J. M., Ritzen, H., & Pieters, J. M. (2016). Blondal, K. S., & Adalbjarnardottir, S. (2014). Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 801815. In S. L. Christenson, A. L. Reschly, & C. Wylie (Eds. Using qualitative methods to develop a survey of math and science engagement. Descriptive research design was used. The study found that poverty, child labour, teenage pregnancy and distance to school are the major causes of dropout in the Asunafo South District. Research on adolescence in the twenty-first century. Academic failure and school dropout: The influence of peers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01107-x, Danneel, S., Colpin, H., Goossens, L., Engels, M., Van Leeuwen, K., Van Den Noortgate, W., & Verschueren, K. (2019). Further, the findings revealed that the government funding on FPE was inadequate and it was characterized by late disbursement. Fredricks, J. Emotional school engagement and global self-esteem in adolescents: Genetic susceptibility to peer acceptance and rejection. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013153, Ladd, G. W., Kochenderfer, B. J., & Coleman, C. C. (1997). (1997). A public health perspective on school dropout and adult outcomes: A prospective study of risk and protective factors from age 5 to 27 years. for high school dropout was the EEO study of 1955. Gross Enrollment Ratio decreased from 106.4% in 2010 to 96.16% in 2013 with Net Enrollment Ratio averaging 93.7%. Twenty-five primary school students (10 boys and 15 girls), https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030416, Crosnoe, R., & Johnson, M. K. (2011). Building a grad nation: Progress and challenge in ending the high school dropout epidemic. Developmental dynamics of student engagement, coping, and everyday resilience. Learning and Individual Differences, 78, 101824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2020.101824, Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. American Journal of Community Psychology, 52(34), 367379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.08.012, CrossRef (1996). Table 2.5. Pratima Sahu. Journal of School Psychology, 44(5), 427445. Measuring cognitive and psychological engagement: Validation of the student engagement instrument. American Psychological Association. Why does it matter? Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 49, 23272346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-01072-5. Dropping out of high school is an issue faced by many teens today. Teacher-student relationships mediate the effect of mental health problems on noncompletion of upper-secondary school. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 44(3), 279286. Social Forces, 87(1), 445471. The sample comprised of 3,240 participants drawn from 120 schools (of the public, lay private and denominational schools) in four regions of Cameroon which were chosen by applying equal probability sampling technique. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22456, Cornell, D., Gregory, A., Huang, F., & Fan, X. Tinto, V. (1975). UNESCO Institute for Statistics. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. The Prevention Researcher, 6, 14. Education and family background: Mechanisms and policies. Fredricks, J. A motivational perspective on engagement and disaffection: Conceptualization and assessment of childrens behavioral and emotional participation in academic activities in the classroom. Educational Psychology, 38(1), 316. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 55(2), 271298. Circumstances preceding dropout among rural high schoolers: A comparison with urban peers. (2020). It is therefore recommended that, there should be poverty reduction strategies in the development of appropriate policies and intervention strategies to help poor people improve their livelihood. Henry, K. L., Knight, K. E., & Thornberry, T. P. (2012). Journal of School Psychology, 69, 2844. Psychology in the Schools, 40(4), 417427. Reeve, J. Child Development, 89(2), e107e122. It results from a few main common causes. Developmental Psychology, 47(1), 233247. (2000). This study attempts to explore the, Objectives: The aim of Right to Education Act and the implementation of government educational Schemes is to reduce school dropouts at grass root level. (2013). PubMed (2018). It was also found that teacher's attitude, corporal punishment, death and sickness of parents lead to dropouts in schools. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-121318-085221, Lewis, A. D., Huebner, E. S., Malone, P. S., & Valois, R. F. (2011). Wentzel, K. R., Jablansky, S., & Scalise, N. R. (2020). High school dropout in proximal context: The triggering role of stressful life events. Reasons for Dropout and Absenteeism. Retrived from https://www.afn.ca/uploads/files/events/fact_sheet-ccoe-3.pdf, Christenson, S. L., & Thurlow, M. L. (2004). Need-supportive teaching and student engagement : Comparing the additive, synergistic, and balanced contributions. School segregation and self-fulfilling prophecies as determinants of academic achievement in Flanders. Development Goal " Achieve universal primary education " , the challenges faced, along with the way forward towards achieving the fourth Sustainable Development Goal " Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all " .Statistics shows that Tanzania has made very promising steps towards achieving this goal. Rosenthal, B. S. (1998). Learning and Instruction, 58, 148160. Parenting practices during middle adolescence and high school dropout.
New Pretty Little Liars: Original Sin Cast, Bent Tree Country Club Initiation Fee, Articles C